Bali - Bali Province is located on the east side of Java Island. This province is included in the series of Nusa Tenggara islands. In the past, this island was once considered to use the name little Sundanese. Balinese people inhabit the island of Bali which is now a province using eight districts and one city. One of the hordes of people who live in the mountainous region is the galat of one Balinese tribe that is happy to be claimed to be Aga people. Bali Aga is one of the Balinese people who consider themselves as the original inhabitants of Bali. Bali Aga itself means Bali Mountains.
One of the hordes that as part of the Balinese tribe is the Trunyan people. Trunyan people have their own unique culture, which has the characteristics of pre-Hindu culture. The culture was related to using the event of death, the bodies of trunyan people were not burned or interred as usual the Balinese, but were left to rot in the open air.
Bali Regional Culture
Balinese people live in a residential environment that is considered with Pawongan or a village consisting of two types, namely indigenous villages using their leaders called kelian norma or bandesa asat chosen by the village kerama. And the village service with its leader is considered perbekel or bandesa.
The principle of interaction of Balinese relations from patrilineal principle is highly determined by the form of the patrilineal broad family claimed by Dadia. Balinese people are distinguished from groups based on a system and social coating called the house (caste). They are bound to a marriage that is endogamy dadia or endogamy dynasty.
Balinese language belongs to the regional language family in Indonesia. Relics of antique inscriptions show the existence of ancient Balinese language that is not in harmony with the current Balinese discussion. The ancient Balinese language poly contains Sanskrit, also influenced by the antique Javanese language according to majapahit era.
Balinese architecture has characteristics of Balinese building structures that are commonly considered triangga. This architect's concept consists of upstream, body, and legs. In its role as a container, architecture is observed as a miniature universe that as a container of all human activities. The shape and function of the building develops an animating force according to the direction of the eight corners of angina in the time system that is considered astawara "Sri-Indra-Guru-Yama-Rudra-Brahma-Kala-Uma".
In determining the direction to build a house, balinese people prefer to face towards the mountain which is considered as a direction to the maya realm (kaja) and kelod that faces the sea that is believed to be towards hell, the west direction is the direction of death or evil that is considered kauh, and the east direction is the direction of birth and good claimed kangin.
Balinese clothing has a variety of types, based on everyday clothing to ceremonial clothing. In everyday association Balinese boys are required to use a head covering that is considered Destar or Udeng, while girls wear tengkuluk or button is a scarf that serves to cover the body that is sometimes used to lift weights as well as face covering.
A monk is obliged to use a clothing claimed wastra or kapuh that is white or yellow, and bonded white waist color that is considered Kawaca. Meanwhile, women wear brown plekat cloth and shade of white or yellow. Some Balinese decorate themselves using flowers inserted in the hair for women & inserted on the leaves of the sense of hearing for men claimed sumpang.
In the wedding ceremony, balinese people know the existence of three types of clothing and neat bridal makeup, namely nista, madya, and primer or great payes.
D. Traditional Balinese Arts
Balinese cultural arts are a very crucial part of the religious life of Balinese people. Religious ceremonies use various elements of art such as fine arts, music, dance arts, and literary arts into sacred arts.
At religious ceremonies at temples and loka that have to do with religion, the famous dance is the Rejang dance. This rejang dance by balinese people is divided into several types based on the social status of the dancers. In tenganan village, at the ceremony "Aci Kasa" danced Rejang Palak, Rejang Mombongin, Rejang Dewa and Rejang Makitut accompanied by gamelan selonding. In addition to the dance earlier, still poly dance is quite famous in Bali for example in the following table is.
More details & complete discussion about the type of Balinese dance, please read in the following article;
Traditional Balinese DanceNoNama Dances
Sacred performances based in the legend of the genealogy of life, use puppet skin as one of the traditional media of culture.
Is a type of citizen dance that is performed on certain programs such as after harvest, around the holidays, and other events.
It is a type of classical traditional dance that is performed into a ritual dance of the holy gods.
Barong is a supernatural protector based on villages in Bali being versus based on Rangda by witches, rulers of the dark spirit.
Pendet dance is a dance of the princesses who have a movement pattern that is more advanced than the Rejang dance performed in groups or in pairs.
It is a traditional war dance that worships the might of balinese knights who won the war. The dancers wear giant masks or haunted masks using merogoh stories according to the legend of ramayana &mahabharata.
The dance is performed by a group of men sitting in a circular march wearing an exclusive rhythm calling out "Cak" while lifting to 2 arms. This dance depicts a line of apes helping Rama fight Ravana in the Ramayana story.
It is a type of modern dance developed by the late Mario in 1952. Initially this dance was played by a girl who was considered oleg, but when this was included also a man to create a duet.
Kebyar is a single type of dance with a more individualistic nature that emphasizes more on the interpretation of dancers on mastering the difference in musical meaning using movements and facial expressions.
2. Traditional Balinese Musical Instruments
In Bali Province there are traditional musical instruments namely rindik, kendang, cengceng, distilled, and gender. Rindik is one of the musical senses made based on bamboo using selendro tones. This musical instrument is used in wedding ceremonies and performance programs known as "Joget Atapng". Joget Bumbung dance is generally accompanied by ten or twenty gamelan growers. In addition, there is also a scarf. Kendang is an important musical sense in Balinese gamelan. In Bali there are two types of kendang, namely kendang wadon and kendang lanang. Gender is the most traditional musical instrument in Bali which is usually played by at most four people on the skin puppet. In addition, there are also musical senses based on bamboo that is considered distilled and cengceng which is a complement to balinese gemling.
3. Bali Regional Songs
Balinese regional songs include Mejangeran, Macep-cepetan, Ngusak Asik, Putri Ayu, Meyong-Meyong, and Ratu Anom.
4. Balinese Folk Craft Arts
Bali is a province rich in culture. One of them is a variety of crafts obtained by each district in Bali province. Various types of crafts produced by each region in districts and cities in Bali can be reviewed in this table.
Craft Producing Regions in BaliNoNama RegionNama Craft Products
Wood sculpture craft, silver craft, garment craft, coconut shell craft, sandalwood fan craft (Sesetan village), woven craft.
Bamboo, silver, wood carving and sculpture, banana pellets, glass puppet paintings &aviary skins, grain, tiles, weaving, batik, &blacksmith crafts.
Bamboo crafts, wood crafts (Tembuku village, Yangkapi, Abangsongan, Suter, Banua, etc.), Gold, silver, and brass kris crafts (Undisan village, Peninjoan, Apuan, Tenggahan, etc.), Bamboo crafts (Taman Bali village, and Bunutin village).
Gong crafts (Tihingan village), wood crafts (Nyalian village, Akah village), traditional paintings (Kamasan village), brass crafts (Rawasan village, &budaga village).
Cagcag weaving craft (Sangkar Agung village, Dauh Waru, Batu Agung, Dangin Tukad raya), bamboo woven craft (Tukad Daya village, Yeh Sumbul village, Medewi Village).
Wood crafts, textile products, silver crafts, paintings of various patterns, bamboo crafts, woven ejection, iron crafts.
